Elements towards the left have lesser valence electrons so they give away electrons easily.This tendency is shown by elements like sodium or magnesium which are placed towards the left in the table. Metals have freely available electrons that can be easily lost to attain a stable electronic configuration.Metals tend to give away electrons because they have low ionisation energy.The energy required to remove electrons from the atom is called Ionisation energy.Metallic character of elements decreases from left to right in the period.There is a difference in the valency of elements belonging to the same period.Metal reactivity relates to ability to lose electrons. Four major factors affect reactivity of metals: nuclear charge, atomic radius, shielding effect and sublevel arrangement (of electrons). All these elements show the valency one because they accept one electron from the other elements. The elements within the same group of the periodic table tend to exhibit similar physical and chemical properties. From fluorine to iodine, there are the same number of valence electrons in their outermost orbital, As we move down the group, the valency of elements remains the same because the number of valence electrons is the same throughout the group.įor example, halogens belonging to the 17th column have the same valency.In any particular group, elements have the same valency.The valency of both will be one because the first atom can donate one electron and the second one can accept 1 electron.ġ electron → Donate 1 electron 7 electrons → Accept 1 electron The atom, having 7 electrons in the outermost orbit, tends to accept or gain an electron from outside. Going down a Group of the Periodic Table from top to bottom, the energy of the valence shell electrons increases. The atom, having one electron in its outermost shell, wants to donate or lose that electron. Trends in energy of valence electrons: The valence shell electrons of elements in the same Period of the Periodic Table occupy the same energy level (shell).The capacity of the atom to give or take electrons during bond formation is called.The trends important for studying the elements are: Trends refer to the properties in the periodic table. What are the Trends in the modern periodic table?
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